Nicholas Roerich, Guests from Overseas
In the mid-700's Scandinavian & Finnish peoples (collectively known later as Varangians or Rus') started travelling east & south from the Baltic Sea, establishing or following existent trade routes as far as the Byzantine Empire & even to Constantinople. As traders, mercenaries & raiders they conquered or established cities (almost like city-states) that eventually became what is known as the Kievan Rus' empire. *
It is said that Rurik, a Varangian (Rus) chieftan, seized control of Ladoga and founded Novgorod. All of this is hotly disputed but being taken as historical fact by a growing percentage of historians with the help of archaeologists. Rurik is said to have lived from 830-879. He was succeeded by his son Oleg who became prince of Kiev and is considered to be the founder of the Kievan Rus' state*.
MUCH MORE TO COME! STAY TUNED
A Map of the Varangian, Volga (in red) & Varangian to Greece (in purple) Trade Routes
Sources:
1. Map Image from Wiki Commons - Varangian Routes
2. TheAncientWeb.com - Ancient Russia
3. Geographia.com - Ancient Russia
4. By Sigfús Blöndal, Google E-book - Varangians and Their Origins
5. Brittanica.com - Kievan Rus | historical state
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Aldeigjuborg
Known now as Staraya Ladoga, the city was founded in 753 CE. The city -under various names- was part of the "Trade Route from the Varangians to the Greeks". The semi-legendary Varangian leader, Rurik, in 862 CE. Aldeigjuborg (Lagoda) was a very important trading center, located on the Volkhov River near Lagoda Lake.
SOURCES:
1. academia.edu - Á austrvega Saga and East Scandinavia
2. Source - Link
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Bolghar
Bulgars led by Khan Krum pursue the Byzantines at the Battle of Versinikia (813)
*from book "Miniatures from the Manasses Chronicle", Ivan Duichev, "Bulgarski hudojnik" Publishing house, Sofia, 1962
The Bulgars originally established Old Great Bulgaria in the Pontic Steppe in the 7th century, but this state disintegrated as Khazar pressure forced the Bulgars to migrate to safer locations. Part of the Bulgars went west with Khan Asparuh who founded the First Bulgarian Empire with local Slavic tribes. Another group of Bulgars though, led by Asparuh's brother Kotrag, headed north along the Volga and this group eventually settled in what is now modern-day Tatarstan and established Volga Bulgaria. In 922 Khan Almış of Volga Bulgaria invited the Baghdad caliph to send an ambassador to Bulgar. The ambassador and traveller Ahmad ibn Fadlan came to Bulgar and as a result Khan Almış adopted Islam as the official religion of Volga Bulgaria.
"History of Bolgar
10th Century
The present day city of Bolgar is located immediately next to the ancient city of Bulgar (also known as Bolghar or Great Bulgar) which was first mentioned in 920 by the Persian geographer Abu Zayd al-Balkhi. The city was the centre of Volga Bulgaria which itself was formed around the end of the 9th and beginning of the 10th century by the semi-nomadic Bulgar tribe." - quote from History of Bolgar
SOURCES:
1. http://tatarstan.ru/eng/about/human.htm - Official Tartarstan
2. https://whc.unesco.org/ - Bolghar
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Bolghar
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Holmgarðr
a.k.a. Novgorod
TEXT/IMAGERY HERE
By Apollinary Vasnetsov - http://www.art-catalog.ru/picture.php?id_picture=8014, Public Domain, Link
STAY TUNED! MUCH MORE TO COME.
SOURCES:
1. books.google.com - Vikings and Goths: A History of Ancient and Medieval Sweden By Gary Dean Peterson
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Khamlij & Khazaran (Atil)
Along the Volga river near the NE coast of the Caspian Sea was massively important city of Khamlij (known as Atil from the 10th century on). On the other side of the Volga river was Khazaran. These cities became one over time, functioning as focal points of different aspects of either commerce, government, et cetera.
SOURCES:
1. SOURCE - LINK
2. SOURCE - LINK
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Khamlij & Khazaran (Atil)
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Kiev
Kiev was the capitol of Kievan Rus, 1,000 years ago, it recently celebrated its 1,500th anniversary. It has been called “the Mother of Rus Cities.” Archaeologists say that the city was first settled somewhere between 40,000-15,000 years ago(!).
The Trypillya culture is the first known cohesive culture to inhabit the area, 3,000-5,000 BCE. Tribes in this area traded with the Scythians, Sarmatians, Khazars and Greeks. Kiev is in what is now know as Ukraine.
SOURCES:
1. SOURCE - LINK
2. SOURCE - LINK
*CONTENT COMING SOON!*
Eyvisl Yngling will be who to contact if you want to help develop Europe.
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Miklagarðr
*Constantinople (modern day Istanbul)
By http://www.pravoslavie.ru/put/060714150199, Public Domain, Link
TEXT/IMAGERY HERE
SOURCES:
1. SOURCE - LINK
2. SOURCE - LINK
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Plovdiv, Bulgaria
By far the oldest city in Europe by thousands of years. Plovdiv, Bulgaria was founded around 6000 BCE(!!!) & has been continuously inhabited since.
The history of this city is extraordinary! Please stay-tuned & join-in on discussions HERE about how to write this history.
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Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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